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Influence of Grapevine Rootstock on Scion Development and Initiation of Senescence

Jean C. Dodson Peterson, M. Andrew Walker
Catalyst: Discovery into Practice August 2017 1: 48-54; published ahead of print June 06, 2017 ; DOI: 10.5344/catalyst.2017.16006
Jean C. Dodson Peterson
1Assistant Professor, Department of Wine and Viticulture, California Polytechnic State University, One Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407; and
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  • For correspondence: jdodsonp@calpoly.edu
M. Andrew Walker
2Professor, Department of Viticulture and Enology, Robert Mondavi Institute for Wine and Food Science, University of California, 595 Hilgard Lane, Davis, CA 95616.
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Summary

Goals: The purpose of this research was to determine if scion development and the timing of phenologic events could be affected by rootstock selection. Deciphering the influence of rootstock on scion traits such as shoot internode length and diameter, yield, pruning weight, light penetration (photon flux density, PFD) into the cluster zone, initiation of leaf senescence, and progression to vine dormancy would enable growers to better address climatic changes and associated stressors.

Key Findings:

  • Vines grafted onto 110R (Vitis berlandieri × V. rupestris) had lower light (PFD) penetration in the cluster zone, more clusters, and greater pruning and crop weight per vine compared to scions grafted onto 101-14Mgt (V. riparia × V. rupestris).

  • Scion cultivars grafted onto 110R had greater shoot internode length and diameter than those grafted to 101-14Mgt.

  • Vines grafted to 101-14Mgt initiated leaf senescence and reached dormancy earlier than those grafted to 110R, and dry farming resulted in faster senescence of Cabernet Sauvignon scions grafted to 101-14Mgt.

Impact and Significance: Rootstock choice plays a key role in scion development and can be used to induce earlier dormancy to address late-season precipitation risks during harvest or to conserve soil water resources in areas prone to drought conditions. Rootstock choice can also play a role in extending leaf function, delaying dormancy, and allowing berries additional time to attain better ripeness. A leaf senescence index could be used to classify existing rootstocks and to help in screening new germplasm and rootstock selection. Rootstock selection can also be used to manipulate pruning and cluster weights, canopy density, and light penetration into the fruiting zone. Understanding the response of scions to rootstock selection is of practical and economic importance in winegrape production.

  • phenology
  • rootstock
  • senescence
  • Vitis berlandieri
  • V. riparia
  • V. rupestris
  • V. vinifera
  • water stress
  • Received September 2016.
  • Revision received February 2017.
  • Revision received May 2017.
  • Accepted May 2017.
  • Copyright © 2017 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture. All rights reserved.
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Influence of Grapevine Rootstock on Scion Development and Initiation of Senescence
Jean C. Dodson Peterson, M. Andrew Walker
Catalyst: Discovery into Practice  August 2017  1: 48-54;  published ahead of print June 06, 2017 ; DOI: 10.5344/catalyst.2017.16006

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Influence of Grapevine Rootstock on Scion Development and Initiation of Senescence
Jean C. Dodson Peterson, M. Andrew Walker
Catalyst: Discovery into Practice  August 2017  1: 48-54;  published ahead of print June 06, 2017 ; DOI: 10.5344/catalyst.2017.16006
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